Technology is a means to provide overall goods necessary for survival and comfort of human life .
The use of technology by humans begins with the conversion of natural resources into simple tools . Prehistoric discoveries about the power of fire has increased the availability of food resources , while the creation of the wheel helped humans in travel and control their environment . Recent technological developments , including the printing press , the telephone, and the Internet , has narrowed the physical barriers to communication and allowed humans to interact freely on a global scale . However , not all technology is used for peaceful purposes ; development of weapons of destruction that has lasted more intense throughout history , from clubs to nuclear weapons .
Technology has affected society and its surroundings in many ways . In many societies , technology has helped improve economies ( including today's global economy ) and has allowed the increase in leisure . Many technological processes produce unwanted by-products , called polluters , and deplete natural resources , to the detriment and damage the Earth and its environment . A wide range of application of technology has affected the value of a society and new technology often raises new ethical questions . For example , the widespread notion of efficiency in the context of human productivity , a term which in first it's only for machining , another example is the challenge of traditional norms .
Now, technology is very useful for us, such as for us student, we need to do our homework faster than before by using technology the computer. Another technology such as telephone, for calling other iPad for chatting others Television, radio, and others.
The technology History
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With the onset of the Second World War , the countries involved in the war sought to develop computers to exploit their potential strategic computer . This increased funding and accelerate the development of computer technical progress. In 1941 , Konrad Zuse , a German engineer to build a computer , the Z3 , to design airplanes and missiles .
Party allies also made other progress in the development of computer power . In 1943, the British completed a secret code-breaking computer called Colossus to decode secret German . The Colossus's impact influenced the development of the computer industry because of two reasons . First , Colossus is not a versatile computer (general - purpose computer ) , it was only designed to decode secret messages . Second , the existence of the machine was kept secret until decades after the war ended .
The work done by the Americans at that time produced a broader achievement . Howard H. Aiken (1900-1973) , a Harvard engineer working with IBM , succeeded in producing electronic calculators for the U.S. Navy . Calculator is a length of half a football field and has a range of 500 miles along the cable . The Harvard - IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator , or Mark I , an electronic relay computer . He uses electromagnetic signals to move mechanical components . The machine was slow ( it takes 3-5 seconds per calculation ) and inflexible ( order calculations can not be changed ) . The calculator can perform basic arithmetic and more complex equations .
Computer developments of the present day is the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer ( ENIAC ) , which is created by the cooperation between the U.S. government and the University of Pennsylvania . Consisting of 18,000 vacuum tubes , 70,000 resistors and 5 million soldered joints , the computer is a very large machines that consume power of 160kW .
This computer was designed by John Presper Eckert (1919-1995) and John W. Mauchly (1907-1980) , ENIAC is a versatile computer ( general purpose computer ) that work 1000 times faster than the Mark I.
In the mid -1940s , John von Neumann ( 1903-1957 ) joined the University of Pennsylvania team , initiating concepts in computer design is up to 40 years is still used in computer engineering . Von Neumann designed the Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer ( EDVAC ) in 1945 with a memory to hold both programs and data. This technique allows the computer to stop at some point and then resume her job back . Key to the von Neumann architecture is a central processing unit ( CPU ) , which allowed all computer functions to be coordinated through a single source . In 1951 , the UNIVAC I ( Universal Automatic Computer I) made by Remington Rand , became the first commercial computer models that take advantage of the Von Neumann architecture .
Neither the U.S. Census Bureau and General Electric have UNIVAC . One of the impressive results achieved by the UNIVAC dalah success in predicting victory Dwilight D. Eisenhower in the 1952 presidential election .
First generation computers were characterized by the fact that operating instructions were created specifically for a particular task . Each computer has a different binary code program called " machine language " ( machine language) . This made the computer difficult to program and the speed limit . Another characteristic of the first generation is the use of vacuum tube ( which makes the computer at that time are very large ) and magnetic cylinders for the storage of data .
